Technological and Economic Optimization of Wheat Straw Black Liquor Decolorization by Activated Carbon

Wheat straws are a globally abundant agro-waste that may play critical role in the global transition from single-use plastics to green materials as an inexpensive and renewable raw material. Vast amounts of wastewater produced during technological process wheat straw-cellulose/hemicellulose conversion. In this context, work focuses on decolorization via activated carbon adsorption. A set carefully planned experiments enabled identification model described relationship between system’s outputs parameters. While optimization is frequently connected with identifying parameters improve efficiency, employed multi-objective approach both economic aspect. Nondominated sorting genetic algorithm versions II III—NSGA-II NSGA-III algorithms—were applied. As objectives, maximum efficiency minimum cost per experiment were followed different scenarios using pseudoweights trade-off metrics. When optimizing only results indicated 95.54% yield, costing 0.1228 Euro/experiment, when considering cost, solutions obtained. The lowest was 0.0619, 74.42% decolorization. These findings indicate incorporating perspective into procedure can estimation facilitate managerial decision-making.